Among demographic subgroups, ED visits for adverse reactions increased significantly among females and adults aged 18 or older. The number of ED visits related to ADHD stimulant medications involving adverse reactions increased significantly from 5,085 visits in 2005 to 9,181 visits in 2010 (Table 1). Source: 20 SAMHSA Drug Abuse Warning Network (DAWN). *** Estimate not reported due to low precision. * Because gender or age is unknown in a small number of visits, estimates do not add to the total. Reason for Emergency Department (ED) Visits Related to Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Stimulant Medications, by Gender and Age Group *: 20 Demographic Specifically, visits increased from 2,131 to 8,148 visits among persons aged 18 to 25, from 1,754 to 6,094 visits among persons aged 26 to 34, and from 2,519 to 7,957 visits among adults aged 35 or older. Source: 2005 to 2010 SAMHSA Drug Abuse Warning Network (DAWN).Īlthough the number of ED visits involving ADHD stimulant medications did not increase significantly for children younger than 18 between 20, increases were seen among multiple age groups for persons aged 18 or older (Figure 2). ** The change from 2005 to 2010 is statistically significant at the. * Because gender is unknown in a small number of visits, estimates for males and females do not add to the total. Emergency Department (ED) Visits Related to Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Stimulant Medications, by Gender *: 2005 to 2010 Gender Emergency Department (ED) Visits Related to Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Stimulant Medications, by Gender *: 2005 to 2010įigure 1 Table. This issue of The DAWN Report examines trends in ED visits involving ADHD stimulant medications, including methylphenidate (e.g., Ritalin ®, Concerta ®), amphetamine-dextroamphetamine (e.g., Adderall ®), dexmethylphenidate (e.g., Focalin ®), and dextroamphetamine (e.g., Dexedrine ®).įigure 1. To be a DAWN case, an ED visit must have involved a drug, either as the direct cause of the visit or as a contributing factor. The Drug Abuse Warning Network (DAWN) is a public health surveillance system that monitors drug-related emergency department (ED) visits in the United States and can be used to track ED visits related to ADHD stimulant medications. 7 Whether ADHD stimulant medications are misused or adverse reactions occur when the medication is taken as prescribed, monitoring dangerous health effects that require immediate medical attention can help guide intervention efforts. 6 Past year nonmedical use of Adderall ®, a common ADHD stimulant medication, increased among adults from 2006 to 2010, particularly among young adults aged 18 to 25. 4, 5 ADHD stimulant medications can also be misused to suppress appetite, enhance alertness, or cause feelings of euphoria. 3 When used as directed, ADHD stimulant medications can be effective treatment, but they can also have negative side effects, such as nervousness, insomnia, dizziness, and cardiovascular or psychiatric problems. 1 About two thirds (66 percent) of children aged 4 to 17 diagnosed with ADHD took medication for the disorder in 2007, 2 and stimulant medications remain the first-line treatment for these disorders in both children and adults. 1 Although these disorders are typically diagnosed in childhood, symptoms may persist into adulthood. Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurobehavioral disorder marked by excessive hyperactivity, impulsivity, or inattention.
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